Mass Tort Defense : Mass Tort Defense Lawyer & Attorney : Sean P. Wajert : Dechert Law Firm : Products Liability, Class Actions, Pharmaceutical Litigation

The FDA's Science Board earlier this week heard  an update from the agency regarding the continued assessment of Bisphenol-A (BPA) in FDA-regulated products. (The Science Board to the Food and Drug Administration provides advice primarily to the Commissioner and other government officials on complex and technical issues as well as emerging issues within the scientific community.  The Board consists of a core of 21 members who are supposed to be authorities knowledgeable in the fields of food safety, nutrition, chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, clinical research, and other scientific disciplines. Members represent academia and industry.)

At the meeting's update from the agency regarding the continued assessment of BPA,  the FDA Acting Deputy Commissioner briefed the agency's Science Board about agency plans to complete its evaluation of bisphenol A;  Dr. Goodman, who is also FDA's acting chief scientist, reportedly stated that the FDA will decide by Nov. 30 whether it will regulate bisphenol A in food packaging. FDA's National Center for Toxicological Research also described a variety of rodent and monkey studies that FDA is undertaking to further assess bisphenol A and potential health effects.

A representative of the Natural Resources Defense Council was among the public speakers who urged FDA to ban bisphenol A, despite the fact that the few studies of laboratory animals that have suggested an association with reproductive or developmental issues have used nonstandard test methods. Studies using standard protocols have not found any significant problems. The American Chemistry Council, BPA Joint Trade Association, and other industry groups argue that food and beverage containers made with BPA pose no undue risk of harm.  BPA is used in the lining of some food and beverage cans to prevent spoilage and is also used in a variety of other consumer products to enhance the structural integrity of plastic containers. Assessments conducted by Health Canada and California's Environmental Protection Agency suggest that dietary exposure would not pose risk to infants. Infant formula may be the most highly regulated food in the world.

Earlier this month, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health issued a health advisory   to parents and caretakers of children up to the age of two years suggesting they avoid the use of products that contain BPA for making or storing infant formula and breast milk. The state health agency further advised pregnant and breastfeeding women to avoid products that may contain BPA. The agency also noted that researchers caution that more research needs to be conducted.

Readers of MassTortDefense interested in BPA issue may want to look at "Science Suppressed: How America became obsessed with BPA,"  an in-depth examination by the STATS program at George Mason University of the science, risk assessment, and media coverage of the chemical, based on interviews with the lead authors of two major risk assessments, and focusing on the accuracy of the media's campaign to have the chemical banned. Some newspapers' coverage has had a knack, says the study, for avoiding research that showed BPA was safe, including risk assessments by the European Union, NSF International, Japan, and a lot more. Some of the media coverage has relied on a small circle of researchers whose work on BPA has been rejected by risk assessments across the world.

After the National Toxicology Program draft report was issued in early 2008, plaintiffs' attorneys nationwide began filing consumer class action complaints claiming violations of state consumer protection laws, fraud, breach of warranty, unjust enrichment, strict product liability, breach of contract and negligence. The lawsuits were consolidated as an MDL in the Western District of Missouri, last year (MDL-1967).  This multidistrict litigation consists of more than 25 cases that involve allegations concerning in baby bottles.

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In the past few days, bills were introduced in both houses of Congress to ban bisphenol A in all food and beverage containers in the U.S.

The so-called Ban Poisonous Additives Act of 2009 is sponsored Rep. Edward Market, D-Mass. in the House, and by Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif. and Sen. Charles Schumer, D-N.Y. in the Senate. In the House it is H.R. 1523. In the Senate it is S.593

The proposed legislation would ban the sale of reusable beverage containers like baby bottles and thermoses that contain BPA and prohibit other food and beverage containers, including canned food and formula, containing the chemical from entering the market.

The bill, which would take effect 180 days after it is enacted, allows manufacturers who can show that a particular container cannot be made without BPA to obtain a renewable one year waiver to the ban. During that time, the company must label the product as containing BPA and submit a plan for removing the chemical in the future.

The bill also requires the secretary of HHS to conduct a periodic review of the list of substances that have been deemed safe for food and beverage containers, to determine whether new scientific research shows that the substances pose health risks. This review must take place “not less than once every 5 years,” under the bill.

MassTortDefense has posted about BPA issues before. With regard to BPA generally, based on all available evidence, the consensus of regulatory agencies in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Japan is that the current levels of exposure to BPA through food packaging do not pose an immediate health risk to the general population, including infants and young children.

Also in the press, six manufacturers — Avent, Disney First Years, Gerber, Dr. Brown, Playtex and Evenflo — announced that they would ban BPA in baby bottles they sell in the U.S. And Sunoco indicated that it had stopped selling BPA to anyone who would not promise to prohibit its use in products intended for children ages three and under.

Many of these companies are defendants in the ongoing BPA litigation, and their voluntary actions reflect the legal risks far more than the science. The companies noted this decision may address growing public concern and confusion regarding products made with polycarbonate plastic, but was not because these FDA-regulated products are not safe.

Any wide-spread ban of this product – or litigation accomplishing the same result -- may risk the public safety more than enhance it. Epoxy resins derived from bisphenol A are used to manufacture protective polymer coatings for the inner surface of metal food and beverage containers. This critical technology protects the contents of these containers from aggressive food products, thereby assuring a safe, wholesome, and nutritious food supply. Compared to other coating technologies, coatings derived from epoxy resins provide superior adhesion to the metal surface, greater durability, and higher resistance to the wide range of chemistry found in foods and beverages. These attributes are essential to protect the packed food from microbiological contamination, which is a significant food safety issue.

Canning might be the single most important innovation in the preservation of food in history. More than 1500 food items are regularly packed in cans, making out of season foods globally accessible year-round. More than 90% of food and beverage cans use epoxy-based coatings because of their strength, adhesion, formability and resistance to chemical reactions in the food and drinks -- without affecting the taste or smell of the product. They protect the food from the container and from bacterial contamination. They give canned foods their long shelf-life.

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A group of scientists and physicians have petitioned the Food and Drug Administration asking for more regulation of popular energy drinks, because their caffeine content. The group contends the ingredient puts drinkers at possible risk for caffeine intoxication and other ailments. The letter was written by Dr. Roland Griffiths, of the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.

The United States is the world's largest consumer by volume of energy drinks, roughly 290 million gallons in 2007. That works out to about 3.8 quarts per person per year. The U.S. market for the drinks is estimated at $5.4 billion. Pretty much any successful product these days is likely to become a target of plaintiffs’ attorneys or Big Brother regulations designed to prevent people from making voluntary choices and excusing them from taking responsibility for their choices.
Caffeine is found in coffee beans, tea leaves, cocoa beans and other plants. Caffeine is an ingredient that consumers have enjoyed in many drinks for more than 100 years. The beverage industry offers both caffeine-free and caffeinated drinks. And customers are free to choose their drink of choice, whether caffeinated or non-caffeinated.

Caffeine is one of the most comprehensively studied ingredients in the food supply, with centuries of safe consumption in foods and beverages. In 1959, the FDA designated caffeine in cola drinks as "Generally Recognized As Safe" (GRAS). The FDA considers caffeine safe for all consumers, including children. In 1987, following extensive review, the FDA "found no evidence to show that the use of caffeine in carbonated beverages would render these products injurious to health." More than 140 countries have specifically considered the safety of caffeine and allow its use in beverages at various levels.

Red Bull, the best-selling energy drink in the USA, contains 80 milligrams of caffeine per 8.3-ounce can, about the equivalent of a cup of coffee. The "pick me up" quality long associated with many drinks reflects a complex mix of ingredients, including caffeine. The bitter taste of caffeine also adds to the complex overall flavor profile of soft drinks.
 

Consumers can easily find out how much caffeine is in a beverage by calling a company's 1-800 number or visiting its website for those drinks that don't list content on their labels. As with all foods and beverages, parents should use common sense in deciding whether to give their children caffeinated foods and beverages, and how much. That’s a parent’s job, not the government’s.
In the most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, caffeine is specifically excluded from the category of substances classified as causing "substance dependence." Unlike drugs of abuse, people who choose to consume foods and beverages that contain caffeine can control or moderate their caffeine intake. Scientific studies confirm that although many people enjoy caffeinated products, those who choose to stop consuming or reduce caffeine in their diets can do so without difficulty.
 

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